Conflict, Peace & Security | ISP-Myanmar - Page 12

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Conflict, Peace & Security

issue:10,

27 Mar 2022

Data Matters

Significant Rise of Armed Clashes in EAO-controlled Regions

The State Administration Council’s (SAC’s) forces and various Ethnic Armed Organizations (EAOs) clashed at least 2,193 times in the eight months between July 1, 2021, to March 20, 2022. The clashes took place in the EAO-controlled areas of Karen, Kachin, Kayah, and Chin States. Among these, at least 1,775 clashes took place in the Karen National Union (KNU) territory. On March 19, the SAC’s air force dropped four bombs on Kwi-Lar and Ta-Kat-Pu villages in the KNU Brigade 3-controlled area, raising tensions significantly.

issue:09,

25 Mar 2022

Data Matters

Sagaing Records Three-Month High in Refugees

Since the military staged a coup d’état on February 1, 2021, various forms of mass protest against injustice have occurred across Myanmar. Protests are still ongoing in a variety of different forms, including armed conflicts between the ethnic armed organizations (EAOs) and SAC’s forces in ethnic regions where those EAOs are based. Simultaneously, fighting between the People’s Defense Forces (PDF/LDF/CDF/CNDF/KNDF) and SAC’s forces has also erupted in some areas. This has created a growing need for humanitarian assistance as conflicts and clashes have intensified and the number of internally displaced persons has risen.

18 Mar 2022

Analysis

Myanmar’s Quest for a Federal and Democratic Future: Considerations, Constraints and Compromises

Political stakeholders tend to view the National Unity Consultative Council (NUCC) as key towards achieving a parallel governance system in the medium term, and as part of a solid foundation for a long-term federal democratic solution to Myanmar’s problems.

issue:08,

12 Mar 2022

ISP OnPoint

International Efforts to Solve the Myanmar Crisis: A Possible Playground for Global Superpowers?

On March 10, 2022, Japan’s Special Envoy for Myanmar National Reconciliation, Mr. Yohei Sasakawa met with Ethnic Armed Organization (EAO) leaders in Chiang Mai, Thailand. ASEAN’s Special Envoy to Myanmar, Mr. Prak Sokhonn, plans to visit Nay Pyi Taw in the third week of March. President Joe Biden is set to organize an ASEAN-U.S. Summit in Washington D.C. in the near future.

issue:02,

17 Feb 2022

Mapping

Conflict Map of Northwestern Myanmar

The northwest region of Myanmar, including Chin State, Sagaing, and Magway regions, has become the most active area for armed resistance among all regions where fighting erupted across the country since the coup.

issue:07,

4 Feb 2022

ISP OnPoint

Three Perspectives to Consider on Myanmar’s Coup Anniversary

The post-coup situation should be evaluated on the basis of these three proposed perspectives. If dissidents prepare a systematic and long-term strategy, rather than pushing haphazard responses that can only achieve short-term results, they could more effectively realize the political goals to which most people in the country aspire. Provoking “revenge” and anger will only jeopardize the prospect for long-term success.

issue:03,

4 Feb 2022

Data Matters

One Year On Since the Coup: Armed Clashes, Arrests and Deaths

A year on from the Myanmar military coup, civilian security challenges continue to rise. While anti-dictatorship movements continue in various forms, many instances of post-arrest violence and clashes with the military have led to humanitarian crises necessitating emergency assistance, increasing numbers of IDPs and record high numbers of civilian deaths.

issue:02,

30 Jan 2022

Data Matters

Civilian Deaths Due to Conflicts Reach a Record High in More Than Thirty Years

In 2021, there were at least 3,598 deaths caused by the political and military conflict in Myanmar following the military coup, the highest on record in over 30 years since 1989. According to data compiled by ISP-Myanmar based on publications by media and independent organizations, at least 24,040 civilians have died from 1989 to 2021, with 15 percent of this death toll occurring in 2021 alone.

issue:06,

25 Jan 2022

ISP OnPoint

“Humanitarian Plus” Approach and Its Concerns

Three parties, namely the Karen National Union (KNU), the Chin National Front (CNF), and the Karenni National Progressive Party (KNPP), issued a statement on January 20, 2022, supporting the concept of “Humanitarian Plus” proposed by the U.N. Special Envoy on Myanmar and added three more conditions.

issue:05,

14 Jan 2022

ISP OnPoint

‘Wait-and-see’ and Condemnation-Based Approaches Simply Will Not Resolve an Inhumane War or Promote Civil Protection

There has been a record high amount of civilian casualties during the State Administrative Council (SAC)’s military offensives in Kayah State, Sagaing, and Magway Regions, which has included actions such as air raids against residential towns.

issue:04,

14 Jan 2022

ISP OnPoint

Limitations on the capacity of the Cambodian Special Envoy to Myanmar

Cambodia, the ASEAN chair of 2022, announced on December 15 that their Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prak Sokhonn had been appointed as the ASEAN Special Envoy to Myanmar. The new special envoy will continue working to remedy the failures of his predecessor, Brunei’s second minister for Foreign Affairs, Erywan Yusof, to effectively address the five-point consensus that the ASEAN countries have agreed upon.

issue:65,

23 Dec 2021

What Matters

Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons increase to Nearly 400,000

(What Matters No. 65 – From February 1 – December 2, 2021) (This article is a translation of the Burmese language version that ISP-Myanmar posted on itsFacebook page on December 3, 2021.) Since the military staged a coup d’état on February 1, 2021, various forms of mass protest against injustice have occurred across Myanmar. Protests are […]

issue:68,

20 Dec 2021

What Matters

Over 6,000 IDPs Increased Within Two Weeks

Since the military coup on 1 February 2021, public movements against military dictatorship have occurred across Myanmar, and they are still happening now in various forms. At the same time, there are fighting between Ethnic Armed Organizations (EAOs) and the SAC forces, as well as among EAOs in ethnic areas where EAOs are based. Moreover, clashes between local defense forces (PDF/ LDF/ CDF/ KNDF, etc.) and the SAC forces have increased in momentum. Together with the increased momentum of clashes and conflicts, the number of internally displaced people (IDPs) has increased, and humanitarian assistance is needed in emergency.

issue:51,

29 Sep 2021

What Matters

Protracted Civil Wars: Three Key Factors

International researchers generally agree that civil wars and, sectarian conflicts within a country, are less likely to be resolved when compared to wars and conflicts between separate nation states (Mason & Fett, 1996). The root causes of civil wars are also generally different from the reasons two nations might go to war with each other.. Researcher Elshelmani (2015) has identified three key factors that can prolong a civil war—1) limited capacity for compromise between different sides/factions, 2) fragmentation and internal rivalry within one side/faction (e.g. rivalry between hardliners and moderates within each party involved in the conflict), and 3) the presence of interests dependent on the continuation of violence.

issue:47,

10 Sep 2021

What Matters

Battles, Civilian Deaths, Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)

Various forms of mass protest against injustice have occurred across Myanmar since the military staged a coup d’état on February 1, 2021. Protests are still ongoing in a variety of different forms. In addition, armed conflicts are occurring between the Ethnic Armed Organizations (EAOs) and State Administration Council (SAC) forces in ethnic regions where those EAOs are based. Simultaneously, fighting between the People’s Defense Forces (PDFs) and SAC forces also erupted in some areas. When the National Unity Government (NUG) declared a state of emergency on September 7, urging the whole country to launch defensive armed resistance, more armed resistance activities emerged and there was an increase in clashes across the country.